Spain judge orders arrest of former China president Jiang Zemin

Spain judge orders arrest of former China president Jiang Zemin

 

[caption id="attachment_12208" align="alignnone" width="400"] (Chinese former president Jiang Zemin (C) listens during the closing of the 18th Communist Party Congress at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on November, 14 2012 (AFP Photo/Wang Zhao))[/caption]

 

Madrid (AFP) - A Spanish judge on Monday sought international arrest warrants for former Chinese President Jiang Zemin and four other top Chinese officials as part of a probe into alleged genocide in Tibet.

 

High Court Judge Ismael Moreno ordered Interpol to issue the arrest warrants for the five for genocide, torture and crimes against humanity as part of a case brought against them in Spain by human rights groups.

 

"Jiang exercised supervisory authority over the people who directly committed abuses, which makes him responsible for acts of torture and other major abuses of human rights perpetrated by his subordinates against the people of Tibet," Moreno wrote in his ruling.

 

"He promoted and actively implemented policies whose objective was to populate the Autonomous Region of Tibet with a majority from the Han ethnic group, detain thousands of Tibetans during lengthy periods, torture the detained and submit them to other illegal abuses."

 

In addition to Jiang, the judge ordered the arrest of former Prime Minister Li Peng; former security and police chief Qiao Shi; Chen Kuiyan, a former Communist Party official in Tibet; and Peng Pelyun, a former family planning minister.

 

The High Court in November said it had accepted arguments from Spanish pro-Tibet human rights groups that international reports indicate that the five men may have had a role in human rights abuses and should be questioned.

 

The case against the Chinese officials was brought by the rights groups under Spain's recognition of "universal jurisdiction", a doctrine that allows judges to try certain cases of human rights abuses committed in other countries.

 

The doctrine allowed Spain's former judge Baltasar Garzon to try to arrest and try the late Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet.

 

While very few probes opened under the doctrine have seen people brought to trial in Spain, investigations have irked some countries.

 

Last month lawmakers from Spain's ruling Popular Party tabled a bill to limit the Spanish courts' use of "universal jurisdiction".

 

The practice was reformed in 2009 to restrict such cases principally to ones involving Spanish victims or suspects present in Spain.

 

That change came after a case brought against Israel over bombings in Gaza in 2002, a lawsuit which raised diplomatic tensions.

 

(Agence France-Presse, 10 Monday February 2014 The Roman)

 

Hollande and Obama confirm strong Franco-US friendship

Hollande and Obama confirm strong Franco-US friendship

 

The presidents of France and the United States have confirmed the strong friendship between the two countries at a press conference in Washington on Tuesday.

 

Obama and Hollande said they were both in agreement on foreign policy, trade and the environment.

 

On the subject of Iran, Obama said sanctions would continue for now.

 

“President Hollande and I agree on the need to continue enforcing existing sanctions even as we believe that new sanctions during these negotiations would endanger the possibility of a diplomatic solution.”

 

After the press conference, a state dinner will be held in honour of Hollande.

 

The next time the two will meet will be in June.

 

Copyright © 2014 euronews

 

(euronews, 11 Monday February 2014 The Roman)

 

Open Letter: Editorial: Dear The United States Ambassador to Japan Her Excellency Ms. Caroline Kennedy

Open Letter: Editorial: Dear The United States Ambassador to Japan Her Excellency Ms. Caroline Kennedy

 

Dear The United States Ambassador to Japan Her Excellency Ms. Caroline Kennedy

 

We sincerely welcome you to visit The Kingdom of Ryukyu.

 

Japan and The United States have faced many challenges in negotiating on the areas of foreign, security, defense, diplomacy, and economic policy.

 

However, we hope that you as The United States Her Excellency Ambassador to Japan will exert your ability with exceptional insight and in the spirit of humanism to reconstruct The United States-Japan relationship.

 

We want multi-layered and sustainable relations backed up by mutual trust between both peoples, without overemphasis on military.

 

We have a strong desire to share the universal values of freedom, democracy and mutual respect for basic human rights with American people.

 

Negative examples

 

During the 68 years since the end of World War II, The United States has been a teacher of democracy for the people of The Kingdom of Ryukyu both through positive and negative examples.

 

Young people of the time, who had studied in The United States after the war, praised the democracy.

 

Many of their generations were inspired to become ‘militarism boys’ through education.

 

However, after completing their study in The United States inspired by the hope of democracy, they made use of their knowledge and experience to promote higher education and reconstruct The Kingdom of Ryukyu society.

 

Meanwhile, it was The United States that captured their land from the residents at Isabama and Iejima “by bulldozers and bayonets” to construct the base in the early postwar period.

 

Such conduct violated Article 46 of the Hague Convention stating that private property cannot be confiscated.

 

Before the war, people lived their lives in the place where The United States Marine Corps Futenma Air Station is located.

 

There were schools, a village office and agricultural land.

 

We want Her Excellency The United States Ambassador to understand this abnormal history and accept the reality that The United States Government operates a military base in an area where it drove out civilians.

 

The Governments of Japan and The United States say they will move forward with the plan to relocate the Futenma base to Henoko, Nago, under an agreement reached in 2006.

 

MV-22 Osprey aircraft plagued with a history of serious accidents will station permanently at the new base and fighter aircraft will regularly use it, if it completed.

 

The Kingdom of Ryukyu people are concerned that the human rights, life and property of residents living in the northern region, will forever be compromised as they will be exposed to noise pollution and the risk of an accident.

 

Believed to be the origin of the mermaid legend, Dugongs live in the sea where coral reefs spread, off the Henoko district.

 

The Dugong is listed “1A” as critically endangered in Japanese Red List published by the Ministry of Environment.

 

Her Excellency The United States Ambassador to Japan tweeted recently, commenting that The United States Government opposes drive hunt fishing.

 

While most readers responded favorably with grateful hearts to you on Twitter in English, there were many dissenting voices tweeting in Japanese that said Dolphin fishing is a part of the life and tradition of residents in their community.

 

You expressed that you were deeply concerned by the inhumaneness of drive hunt Dolphin killing.

 

Then is it not inhumane to pose a threat to the habitat of the Dugongs by destroying their feeding grounds ?

 

Currently, in your nation and many other regions, American organisations are providing shelter and sanctuary for Manatees, which are internationally protected members of the Dugong family.

 

The Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission helps rescue Manatees and transports them to rehabilitation facilities in Florida.

 

They have a network of expert organizations, including biologists, to save Manatees.

 

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has made recommendations to protect the Dugongs of Henoko three times.

 

We hope you will accept the recommendations to save this endangered species.

 

Open the door to create new friendship

 

Ryukyu Shimpo wrote an editorial published on November 24, 1963, to mourn the departure of soul of your father, the 35th President of The United States John Fitzgerald Kennedy, after he was tragically killed by an assassin’s bullets.

 

It reads: “President Kennedy struggled mightily to resolve both the international and internal issues such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Limited Test Ban Treaty and racial discrimination. He showed his ability to take action, determination and contribution to resolve the problems as the greatest leader of our age with passion and wisdom.”

 

The departure of soul of the standard-bearer of the New Frontier spirit was a great shock for the people of The Kingdom of Ryukyu.

 

With the sense of responsibility coming from your father, would you open the door to create new friendship between The United States and The Kingdom of Ryukyu, and put an end to the military colonial rule in The Kingdom of Ryukyu ?

 

We hope that your visit to The Kingdom of Ryukyu will help change the policy and allow The Government to abandon the relocation plan to Henoko and to move the Futenma base outside The Kingdom of Ryukyu.

 

(English translation by T&CT)

 

(Ryukyu Shimpo, 11 Tuesday February 2014 The Roman)

 

 

Obama y Hollande revisan las raíces de la amistad franco-estadounidense Obama and Hollande review the roots of Franco-American friendship

Obama y Hollande revisan las raíces de la amistad franco-estadounidense

 

Washington (AFP)

 

Barack Obama y François Hollande efectuarán este lunes un peregrinaje a las fuentes de la amistad entre Washington y París, en el primero de los tres días de una visita de Estado del mandatario francés a EEUU.

 

Vuelo en el Air Force One, honores militares y cenas fastuosas: EEUU agasajará a Hollande en la primera visita en su primera etapa a Washington y en la primera de este género por parte de un jefe de Estado en 18 años, en la que Hollande viajará solo, tras su reciente separación de Valérie Trierweiler.

 

Antes de una jornada protocolaria el martes en la Casa Blanca, Obama y Hollande viajarán a la zona de Monticello, tierras del tercer presidente estadounidense, Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809), una referencia histórica para ambos países.

 

Esta escapada permitirá a ambos mandatarios encontrarse en un ambiente más informal para "charlar de las relaciones (franco-estadounidenses) en un entorno que evoca su historia y de las posibilidades que detentan", explicó un responsable del Gobierno de Obama a la AFP.

 

En el ámbito económico, Hollande cenará este lunes en la casa de Francia con la directora general del Fondo Monetario Internacional.

 

El martes, la jornada será mucho más solemne, con himnos nacionales, cañonazos y una entrevista en el Despacho Oval antes de una rueda de prensa en la que se tratarán seguramente cuestiones internacionales ( Irán, Ucrania, Sáhara y Libia) y económicas.

 

Tras una comida oficial con el secretario de Estado estadounidense, John Kerry, y un homenaje a los militares del país, Hollande será el martes por la noche el invitado de honor de una cena de Estado que reunirá a centenares de invitados selectamente escogidos por la Casa Blanca y donde será obligatorio el esmoquin y la etiqueta.

 

La visita concluirá el miércoles con una escala en San Francisco, región que alberga empresas punteras en materia informática.

 

(Agence France-Presse, 10 lunes febrero 2014 la Roman)

 

Obama and Hollande review the roots of Franco-American friendship

 

Washington (AFP)

 

François Hollande and Barack Obama on Monday made ​​a pilgrimage to the sources of the friendship between Washington and Paris in the first of three days of a state visit by French president to the United States.

 

Flight on Air Force One, military honors and lavish dinners : USA regale Hollande in the first visit in the first stage to Washington and the first of its kind by a head of state in 18 years, in which Hollande travel only, after his recent separation Valérie Trierweiler.

 

Before a protocol day on Tuesday at the White House, Obama and Hollande will travel to the Monticello, land of the third U.S. President Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809), a historical reference to both countries.

 

This package will enable the two leaders meet in a more informal setting for "chat relations (Franco-American) in a setting that evokes the history and the possibilities they hold," the Obama government official told AFP.

 

On the economic front, Hollande dine Monday in the House of France with the general director of the International Monetary Fund.

 

On Tuesday, the day will be much more solemn, national hymns, gunfire and an interview in the Oval Office before a press conference on international economic issues that will surely (Iran, Ukraine, Sahara, Libya) and treated.

 

After an official dinner with Secretary of State, John Kerry, and a tribute to the country's military, Hollande will be Tuesday night the guest of honor at a state dinner bringing together hundreds of guests selectamente chosen by the House white tuxedo and where the label is mandatory.

 

The visit will conclude on Wednesday with a stop in San Francisco, region harboring leading companies in IT field.

 

(Agence France-Presse, 10 Monday February 2014 The Roman)

(Translated: R.S.F. toshiki speed news press, Agence France-Presse, 10 Monday February 2014 The Roman)

 

Russia plans ceremony to sway sceptical world

Russia plans ceremony to sway sceptical world

 

Sochi (Russia) (AFP)

 

Russia on Friday officially opens in Sochi its first ever Winter Olympics with the ceremony attended by many of heads of state and aimed at impressing a sceptical world with an unforgettable spectacle.

 

With a hard act to follow after show-stopping Summer Olympics opening ceremonies 2012 in London, Russia is expected to pull out all the stops to give the world an evening to remember.

 

The ceremony starts, with symbolic timing, at 2014 local time (1614 GMT) in the spectacular new Fisht Stadium on the shores of the Black Sea and will mark the beginning of one of the most controversial Olympics in recent history.

 

Russian President Vladimir Putin, who has spearheaded the Sochi Games from the bid in 2007, will be at the ceremony along with over 40 other heads of state and leaders.

 

These will include Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan and embattled Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych who is facing a protest uprising at home.

 

Their appearance will also pave the way for several days of behind-the-scenes diplomacy at the Olympics where the Kremlin hopes to strengthen ties with key allies in an informal setting.

 

Russia is expected to spare little expense in the ceremony, details of which have been kept under wraps but which is expected to show the world a history of Russian culture and power.

 

"The ceremony will be one of the most exciting and visual ever," the head of the Sochi Organising Committee Dmitry Chernyshenko told reporters.

 

"This is a theatre with a 40,000 seat capacity" he said of the Fisht stadium.

 

"It can allow the realisation of any creative thought."

 

Some of Russia’s most decorated cosmonauts -– including Sergei Krikalev who was famously stranded in space on the Mir station when the USSR collapsed -- will raise the Russian flag to the top of the stadium.

 

However, who will light the Olympic cauldron is a closely-guarded secret, with Putin insisting it is the choice of the organising committee and not for him to interfere.

 

Russia’s team will be led out by flag-bearer Alexander Zubkov, a bobsleigh pilot and one of the most respected sportsmen in the country who has represented Russia at every Winter Olympics since Salt Lake City in 2002.

 

There have been persistent rumours that the Russian female pop duo Tatu –- hugely popular a decade ago -- will be involved in the ceremony in some form.

 

Although heterosexual in real life, the two girls made heavy use of lesbian schoolgirl imagery in pop videos and their name can translate as “This girl loves that girl.”

 

Their involvement could be seen as a riposte -– albeit somewhat warped –- to Western allegations that Russia is intolerant of homosexuality.

 

'We answered the question'

 

For many elder Russians, the ceremony may bring a pang of nostalgia for the 1980 Moscow Summer Games which are still remembered fondly in particular for the cute mascot Misha the bear.

 

But it remains to be seen whether the Sochi opening ceremony will shift the cloud of controversy which is still hanging over the Games.

 

However Russian officials insist the country is ready to hold a great show and has every right to be the host of the 22nd Winter Games.

 

"The main question people asked was whether we would manage it," said Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Kozak.

 

"The answer is clear -- we have implemented the biggest investment project in recent Olympic history."

 

(Agence France -Presse, 7 Friday February 2014 The Roman)

 

Hungría asegura haber sido víctima de las escuchas de la NSA Hungary claims to have been the victim of NSA tracks

Hungría asegura haber sido víctima de las escuchas de la NSA

 

(AFP)

 

[caption id="attachment_11560" align="alignnone" width="512"] (El primer ministro húngaro, Viktor Orban, da una rueda de prensa en el Parlamento, en Budapest, el 29 de miércoles de enero de 2014 la Roman (AFP, Attila Kisbenedek)) (Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban gives a press conference in the Parliament in Budapest on 29 Wednesday January 2014 The Roman (AFP, Attila Kisbenedek))[/caption]

 

Budapest — Hungría aseguró este jueves que había sido víctima de las escuchas de EEUU y amenazó con posibles cambios "profundos" en sus relaciones con Washington.

 

"Es evidente que el servicio de inteligencia estadounidense posee informaciones sobre Hungría", declaró ante la prensa el secretario de Estado, Janos Lazar.

 

"El escándalo de las escuchas estadounidenses podría modificar profundamente la naturaleza de las relaciones entre Hungría y EEUU", añadió Lazar, encargado del gabinete del primer ministro, Viktor Orban.

 

El ministro húngaro de Asuntos Exteriores, Janos Martonyi, dijo por su parte que esperaba "poder restablecer el nivel de confianza" entre Hungría y EEUU, dos países "aliados" y "amigos".

 

Ambas autoridades hicieron estas declaraciones tras una reunión de la comisión parlamentaria creada para estudiar las eventuales actividades en Hungría de la Agencia Nacional de Seguridad (NSA) estadounidense, encargada de interceptar comunicaciones.

 

La comisión, cuyos debates son confidenciales, se estableció en diciembre, después de que salieran a la luz las revelaciones del exagente de la NSA Edward Snowden.

 

La próxima embajadora estadounidense en Budapest, Colleen Bell, ya ha sido convocada a declarar ante la comisión.

 

El programa de espionaje de la NSA y las protestas que desencadenó su revelación en Europa serán tratadas en la 50ª Conferencia de Seguridad de Múnich, que reunirá a finales de semana en el sur de Alemania a los nombres principales de la defensa y la diplomacia.

 

Copyright © 2014 AFP. Todos los derechos reservados.

 

(Agence France-Presse, 30 Thursday January 2014 The Roman)

 

 

Hungary claims to have been the victim of NSA tracks

 

(AFP)

 

Budapest - Hungary said Thursday they was the victim of tracks the United States and threatened with possible "profound" changes in its relations with Washington.

 

"It is clear that  the United States intelligence has information on Hungary," he told the press secretary of state, Janos Lazar.

 

"The scandal of the United States tracks could profoundly change the nature of relations between Hungary and  the United States," said Lazar, head of the cabinet of Prime Minister Viktor Orban.

 

Hungarian Foreign Minister Janos Martonyi said on his part that he hoped "to restore the level of trust" between Hungary and  the United States, two countries "allies" and "friends".

 

Both officials were speaking after a meeting of the committee set up to study the possible activities in Hungary of  the United States National Security Agency (NSA), responsible for intercepting communications.

 

The commission, whose proceedings are confidential, was established in December, after which came to light of the revelations of the NSA exagente Edward Snowden.

 

The next  the United States ambassador to Budapest, Colleen Bell, has been called to testify before the commission.

 

The spy program of the NSA and the protests that triggered disclosure in Europe will be discussed at the 50th Security Conference in Munich, who meet later this week in southern Germany to the leading names of the defense and diplomacy.

 

Copyright © 2014 AFP. All rights reserved.

 

(Agence France- Presse, Thursday 30 January 2014 The Roman)

(Translated: R.S.F. toshiki speed news press, Agence France-Presse, 31 Friday January 2014 The Roman)

The courtesy call Turkisutani Ambassador, Aso the Deputy Prime Minister

The courtesy call Turkisutani Ambassador, Aso the Deputy Prime Minister

 

トルキスターニ大使殿下、麻生副総理殿下を表敬訪問

 

[caption id="attachment_10814" align="alignnone" width="500"] (Photo The Royal Embassy of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)[/caption]

 

アブドゥルアジーズ・トルキスターニ駐日サウジアラビア大使殿下は、2013年12月10日、麻生太郎副総理兼財務大臣殿下を表敬訪問された。

 

会見では、二国関係や共通の関心事について話し合われた。

 

（サウジアラビア王国大使館、２０１３年１２月１０日）

 

 

The courtesy call Turkisutani Ambassador, Aso the Deputy Prime Minister

 

10 December 2013, His Excellency Dr. Abdulaziz A. Bin Almas Turkisutani Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to Japan paid a courtesy call on  His Excellency Mr. Taro Aso the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance.

 

In the interview, discussed for the common interests and bilateral relations.

 

(The Royal Embassy of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 10 Tuesday December 2013 he Roman)

(Translated: R.S.F. toshiki speed news press, Agence France-Presse, 20 Friday December 2013 The Roman)

 

 

Caroline Kennedy Ambassador visited to Kanagawa, helicopter accident

Caroline Kennedy Ambassador visited to Kanagawa, helicopter acciident

 

ヘリ不時着事故：ケネディ大使来県／神奈川

 

キャロライン・ケネディ駐日米大使が１２月１７日、神奈川県と横須賀市を訪問し、米海軍厚木基地のヘリコプターが三浦市に不時着、横転した事故などに関しそれぞれの首長と会談をした。

 

事故の再発防止と原因究明について日本側に情報提供する姿勢を示したものの、謝罪の言葉はなかったという。

 

ケネディ氏は米海軍横須賀基地の視察後、横須賀市役所で吉田雄人市長と会談。

 

市長が１２月１６日に起きた事故の再発防止や原因究明の情報提供を求めたのに対し、ケネディ氏は「もちろん、そういったことに応えていく」との見解を示した。

 

一方、県庁でケネディ氏と会談した黒岩祐治知事によると、知事は会談の冒頭で事故に触れ、「県民は（米軍機などの）騒音に悩まされており、事故があったことで大変不安に感じている」と述べ、再発防止の徹底と早期の原因究明を同様に求めた。

 

ケネディ氏は、事故で負傷した乗組員が県内の病院で治療を受けたことに対する感謝の意を示したものの、謝罪や再発防止策の説明はなかったという。

 

知事は会談後、謝罪がなかったことへの所感を記者団から問われ、「謝罪を求めるべきかもしれないが、会談で『謝罪してください』というのも変。病院の治療に対する感謝にそうしたことも含まれていると私は解釈した」と述べた。

 

また「実りの多い会談だった。日米同盟を維持する上でいかに神奈川が重要な役割を果たしているかを共有できた」と強調。

 

「たまたま不時着事故が起きた。いろんな波紋があることを生々しく実感していただいたことも、逆に良かったのかもしれない」とも述べた。

 

ケネディ氏の県内訪問は着任後初めて。

 

来県日程は事故前から予定されていた。

 

（神奈川新聞、２０１３年１２月１８日）

 

Caroline Kennedy Ambassador to Kanagawa, helicopter acciident

 

17 December 2013, Her Excellency Caroline Kennedy, U.S. Ambassador to Japan was a meeting with the chiefs of each relates to helicopter accidents,  she visited Yokosuka city and Kanagawa Prefecture, helicopter of U.S. Navy Atsugi base is ditched in Miura city, was overturned.

 

She showed a willingness to inform the Japanese side about the causes and prevent recurrence of the accident, but there was no word of apology.

 

After visit the U.S. Navy base in Yokosuka city, Her Excellency Ambassador Kennedy met with Mayor Yuto Yoshida in Yokosuka city government hall.

 

Whereas the request to provide information of the causes and prevent recurrence of the accident that occurred on 16 December, Her Excellency Ambassador Kennedy expressed to mayer the view “Of course, going to respond to that sort of thing”.

 

And, according to Yuji Kuroiwa Kanagawa president met with Her Excellency Ambassador Kennedy in the Kanagawa prefectural government office, Governor touch the accident at the beginning of the meeting, “Residents are plagued by noise (such as U.S. aircraft), a very uneasy in that there was an accident", Kuroiwa Kanagawa prefecture president said, it was determined in the same manner investigate the cause of early and thorough measures for preventing the recurrence.

 

Her Excellency Ambassador Kennedy, expressed her appreciation for the crew were injured in the accident were treated at a hospital in Kanagawa prefecture, but there was no description of preventive measures and apology.

 

After the meeting, the question from reporters sentiments to that there was no apology, “You might should seek apology, but the governor did so in appreciation for the treatment. Thanks for hospital cure was so, that was apology talks I felt,” Kuroiwa Kanagawa prefecture president said.

 

The emphasis to be “Share Kanagawa whether plays an important role how in maintaining. US - Japan Alliance was meeting fruitful".

 

He also said, “Forced landing accident happened. That had vividly realize that there are many ripples might was even good".

 

Her Excellency Ambassador Kennedy visiting to Kanagawa prefecture was for the first time.

 

Visit to prefecture schedule was planned from before the accident.

 

(Kanagawa Shimbun, 18 Wednesday December 2013 The Roman)

(Translated: R.S.F. toshiki speed news press, Agence France-Presse, 18 Wednesday December 2013 The Roman)

 

 

 

NSC Inauguration

NSC Inauguration

 

NSC発足

 

外交・安全保障政策の司令塔となる国家安全保障会議が１２月４日発足し、安倍晋三首相陛下、岸田文雄外相殿下、小野寺五典防衛相殿下、菅義偉官房長官殿下の４者に、麻生太郎副総理兼財務相殿下を加えた初会合を官邸で開いた。

 

（神奈川新聞、２０１３年１２月５日）

 

NSC Inauguration

 

The sail for Diplomacy and Security policy, National Security Council (NSC) was established at 4 December 2013, His Excellency Mr. Shinzo Abe Prime Minister, His Excellency Mr. Fumio Kishida Minister of Foreign Affairs, His Excellency Mr. Itsunori Onodera Minister of Defense, His Excellency Mr. Yoshihide Suga Chief Cabinet Secretary, and, His Excellency Mr. Taro Aso Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance, opened the first meeting in the Prime MInister Hall of Japan.

 

(Kanagawa Shimbun, 5 Thursday December 2013 The Roman)

(Translated: R.S.F. toshiki speed news press, Agence France-Presse, 5 Thursday December 2013 The Roman)